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Bone markings of the skull11/19/2023 ![]() ![]() It also protects the spinal cord, which passes through openings in the vertebrae. It is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and allows for their movements. ![]() Together, the vertebrae and intervertebral discs form the vertebral column. It consists of a sequence of vertebrae (singular = vertebra), each of which is separated and united by a cartilaginous intervertebral disc. The vertebral column is also known as the spinal column ( Figure 7.4.1). Determine the location of the ligaments that provide support for the vertebral column.Define the structure of an intervertebral disc.Describe a typical vertebra and determine the distinguishing characteristics for vertebrae in each vertebral region and features of the sacrum and the coccyx.Discuss the curves of the vertebral column and how these change after birth.Describe each region of the vertebral column and the number of bones in each region.Reading: An Imprint of Addison Wesley Longman Inc.By the end of this section, you will be able to:ĭiscuss the vertebral column and regional variations in its bony components and curvatures Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology (pp. Vertebral Foramen.ġ2 Bibliography Marieb, E. Located in Skull Round or oval opening through bone. Glenoid Fossa in Scapulaġ0 Narrow slit-like opening Allows for blood vessel and nerve passage.įissure Foramen Narrow slit-like opening Allows for blood vessel and nerve passage. Bicipital Groove in Humerus Shallow basin-like depression in bone, often serving as an articular surface. External Auditory Meatus Cavity within a bone filled with air and lined with mucous membrane. Meatus Sinus Canal-like passage way Palpable Ex. Femoral condyleĨ Depressions (allow passage of blood vessels and nerves) ![]() Rib Facet ( connects to the vertebrae)Ĭondyle Rounded articular projection Palpable Ex. Femoral Head Smooth nearly flat articular surface. Not palpable in the Femur or Humerus, but is palpable in the Radius Ex. Head Facet Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck. Scapular SpineĦ Projections that help to form Joints (articulation) Mandibular Ramus Sharp, slender often pointed projection. Spine Ramus Arm-like bar of bone Palpable Ex. Greater and lesser tubercle of the Humerusĥ Sharp, slender often pointed projection. Medial and Lateral epicondyle of the Humerus Tubercle Small rounded projection or process Palpable Ex. Is a site of ligament attachment Palpable Ex. Is a site of ligament attachmentĮpicondyle Raised area on or above a condyle. Not Palpable Intertrochanteric LineĤ Raised area on or above a condyle. Greater and lesser Trochanter of the Femur Narrow ridge of bone, less prominent than a crest. Trochanter Line Very large, blunt irregular shaped process. Iliac Crestģ Very large, blunt irregular shaped process. ![]() Tibial Tuberosity Narrow ridge of bone usually prominent. Tuberosity Crest Large rounded projection, may be roughened. *see page 115 Table 5.1 in text book for further reference.Ģ Projections that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment 1 Bone Markings -Bone markings can be classified as either a depression, a projection that helps forms joints (articulation), or projections that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment. ![]()
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